Running through various points of the district, the river valley’s rolling landscape comprises of natural features that influence the built form within the area.

Rectilinear field patterns lined by hedgerows and tree belts are interspersed with semi-natural and ancient woodland. In the valley dense riverside and riverbank trees compliment grassland, wetland and scrub habitats.

The rolling topography means views of towns and villages are visible from higher ground with their church spires detectable above wooded skylines.

Both larger and smaller settlements such as Saffron Walden and Manuden are a common feature within the landscape character. Their shape varies from a linear structure to nucleated settlements clustered around village greens.

The landscape has a strong relationship to the adjacent farmland area. Farm buildings are built using red brick and black weatherboarding. Domestic properties in the river valley are primarily cream or white/bright colour-washed plaster with thatched roofs. Towards the north of the district gault brick is used more widely, while elsewhere red brick is more popular.